Measuring the consumption of heat



V. S. K. PETERSEN. MEASURING THE CONSUMPTION 0F HEAT.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 21. 192|.

Patented Dec. 5, 1922..

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To all whom 1t/may concern.'

Be it known that Vreeo STEPHAN Kommen` PnTERsEN, citizen of the Kingdom of Dem mark, residing at No. 3 Sponnecksvej, Gen- 5 totte, near Copenhagen, Denmark, hasy in` vented certain new andusetul Improvements in Measuring the Consumption or Heat, of which'the lollowing is a specication.

My invention relates to the-measuring or heat lquantities and more especially the amounto heatemitted Al'froinradiators or groups or radiat-ors, from hot water cocks, or steam cocks or trom other places or heat consumpton belonging to a central heating plant.y

My invention consists chieiiy in this'that the heat or' a certain known part or the heat or the heating agent,-hot water,steam or the v like, which at any time is taken out oic or passed through the radiators or the like, is transmitted to an evaporable lmedium which thereby develops vapours in quantities corresponding to the heat lquantities transmit` ted to it. These vapours are condensed and the condensate, formed during a certain period, or a known part thereof, is measured in a suitable way, this measure thus giving a measure or the consumption of yheat during that period. 7 j

The condensate, or the known part thereof, may be intercepted Lin a graduated tube whose scale indicatesthe real heat consumption in calories or it may be broughtto influence a counting device or may be weighed or measured in other suitable ways. g

rllhe evaporationr ofy the evaporable medium and the condensation of the vapours maybe effected in an evacuated space, i. e. a space only containing the ymedium and its' 40 vapours, whereby variable resistances against the evaporation and against the movement or the vapours -froml the evaporatingplace to the condensing place are avoided.

A heat measuring device arranged according to the new principles aboveV set 'orth is diagrammatically shown in kthe drawing. Fig. 1 shows one form of eXecu tion and Fig. 2 a modified form. n

In thev example shown 1, the measur-y ing device is intended for measuring the heat consumption by tapping or hot water through a cock 3. ln the hot water conduit 1921.` SeralNo. 486,628.

a calibrated tube '5.,k The branch tube 6,.

whose inner diameter is a certain little part of the inner diameter or the calibrated tube, is connected with one end of a coil 7 in a container 8L The other end of the said coil is through a tube 9 connected withthe conduit i at a point after the calibrated tube. wWhen the cock 3 is opened the yhot water passes partly through the calibrated tube 5 and partly through the tubes 6, 7 and 9, the quantity of water passing through the latter being a certain known part `o1! that passing through the calibrated tube. Consequently, a corresponding small part of the heat quantity, taken away at any time, is *transmittedv to the container 8.

This container is evacuated kand its lower part where the coil 7 lies contains the evaporable medium 11, i. e. a liquid of any suitable kind, or' any suitable boiling point, say water, alcohol, ,hydro-carbon, mercury or the like.

rlhe upper' partfol the container is providedy with a cooling jacket 12 having at the bottom a gutter 13 whose outflow 14 opens into a measuring tube 15.

The cooling jacket 12 has its inlet tube 16 connected with a cold water -conduit 17 and its `outlet tube 18 with the hot water conduit 4t. Consequently,when the cock 3 is opened, cold water will pass through the tubes 16 and 18 and the cooling jacket 12. rlhe temperature of the water in the lconduit 17 and in the cooling jacket corresponds to the initial temperature or the water bej :tore enteringthe conduit et. Consequently, between the cooling jacket and the branch tube 6,`there is a difierenceof temperature just equal tothat number of heat degrees for,`

which the water in the conduit 4 has been heated.

Now, in the container 8 filled with the medium 1l, partly in the liquid,partly in the vapor state, the molecules of the medium move in the direction of the fall of temperature, the vapours being ycondensed along the cooling jacket 12 and new yquantities oi vapours being generated at the coil 7 The greater the difference of temperature and the longer the time during which this diii'erence is maintained, is the `quicker the transport and the greater the quantity transported.

The tactors determining the heat exchange between the water in the coil and the medium are such that the water is cooled down to the temperature or the cooling jacket, or to a certain higher temperature, so that the heat transmitted to the container is absorbed either completely or to a known degree.

Under these circumstances, the vaporized medium condensed, during a certain period1 along the cooling jacket and running toward the gutter 13 gives, after the necessary calculations, an :exact measure for the heat quantities-.consumed through the tapping ot hot water. during that period. From the gutter '13 the condensed medium runs into the measuring tubel which directly indicates the real consumption of heat, the calculations above mentioned have already been taken into consideration in the graduation ot the tube.

When the consumption of heat ot the period or periods in questionfhas been ascer" tained, the apparatus can be made ready tor a new measuring of heat by the liquid oi' the measuring` tubebeing emptied into the container. 'y For this purpose the apparatus may be arranged so as to enable the measuring tube to be turned upside down, which may "oey attained by the provision of flexible connections, at suitable points of the tubes 6, 9, 16 and 18.

instead of measuring the total quantity of the medium condensed along the cooling surface I may, in some cases, only measure the quantity Condensed along a certain known partloiE the cooling surface. Thus in the embodiment shown in F ig. ,1 l may so arrangethe gutter 13 that it will intercept the condensed medium only from` a Acertain section or' the cooling jacket.

Another forineasuring'only a part of the condensedmedium is shown in F ig. 2. According to this ligure there is provided in addition tothe cooling jacket 12 a central coolingY surface 19. The quantity ot the medium condensed at the cooling jacket runs directly down toward the liquid medium in the ybottom of the container 8, without being measured, while thesmaller quantity ot' the medium condensed by the central cooling surfacey 19 is measured.

Furthermore Fig. 2 shows another way oi' measuring. instead of allowing the condensed medium or a certain part thereofy to run into a measuring tube, I let it actuate a device similar to a hydraulicvinotor which, in turn, operates a counting mechanism such as used in gas-meters, water-meters or the like. According to Fig. 2, the condensed medium formed along the cooling surface 19 drops into an automatic tilting device 20 having two alternating chambers. Each time this tilting device swings to the one.

side i. e. every other time it actuates the first member 21 of a counting mechanism 22 thus permitting a quantity of liquid corresponding to the iilling of both chambers ot the tilting mechanism to move the counting device one step.

1 donot confine myself to the measuring tube-shown in F ig. 1, as I can measure or weigh the condensed medium or a certain part thereotl in any suitable well-known manner for instance as is done by apparatus tor measuring theiain-fall, nor do l confine myself tothemeasuring device shown in Fig. 2, since l can useany other hydraulic motor element than the tiltingA device shown.

Furthermore, the coil 7 the cooling jacket 12 and the other details shown are Aonly to be considered as examples which may be altered in many different ways.

lWhen using the apparatus for measuringv the heat consumptionA fromradiators `or the like, 1 connectthe tube 6 or the like with the heating agent conduit to the radiator "or radiators in question, while the tube 16 or the like is connected with the return conduit.

rihus the result of the measuring operation corresponds to the heat quantities required for reheating the return-water.

l claim:

1. rlhe process for measuring` heat quantities in a heating agent which consists in transmitting the heat of a certain known part of the heat of the heating agent to an evaporable medium, condensing the vapours thus produced, and measuring eitherv the entire condensate or a certain `known part thereof. n

2. llhe process for measuring heat quant-L ties in a heating agent which consistsin transmitting the heat or' a certain known part of the heat of the heating agent to an evaporable medium, condensing the vapours at a temperature equal to the initial temperature of the heating agent before its heat-ing7 and measuring either theentire condensate or a certain known part thereof.

3. The process for measuring heat quantities in a heating agent which consists in transmitting a certain known part of the heat of the heating agent to an evaporable medium, evaporating Vthis medium in vacuum, condensing the vapours thus produced in the same vacuum, and measuring either the entire condensate or acertain known part thereof. f

d. Apparatus for measuring heat quantities in heating plants comprising a. container, an evaporable medium. in said'container, Aa heating element capable of transmitting the heat ot a certain known part of the heatotl the heating plant to the said mediumya cooling element capable of condensing the` vapours generated from the medium, and means for measuring the condensate.-

5. Apparatus for measuring heat quantiof condensing the vapours ofthe medium at ties in heating` plants comprising a container, the initial temperature of the heating agent an evapoiable medium in said container, a before its heating, land means for measuring l0 heating element capable of transmitting the the condensate.

5 heat of a certain known part of the heat of Inftestimony whereof I affix my signature. the heating agent of the heating plant to the said medium, a cooling element capable VlGGO STEPHAN KELLNER PETERSEN- 

